Printing-telegraph system



P. M. RAINEY.

PRINTING TELEGRAPH SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. I5 |91]- Patented Feb. 8, 1921.

H wwwww UNITED STATES,PATENTA OFFICE.

.PAULl M. RAINEY, OF GLEN RIDGE, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO WESTERNELECTRIC COMPANY INCORPORATED, 0F NEW YORK, N. YY., A CORPORATION OF NEWYORK.

PRINTING-TELEGRAPE SYSTEM.

Patented Feb. 8,

Application led November 15, 1917. Serial No. 202,103.

To all whom 'it 'may concern:

Be it known that I, PAUL M. RAINEY, a citizen of the United States,residing at Glen Ridge, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Printing-Tele-.graph Systems, of whichthe following is a full, clear, concise, andexact description.

This. invention relates to printing telegraph systems, and particularlyto multiplex systems of the secret service type.

The principal object of this invention is to provide a printingtelegraph system whereby messages may be sent from one station toanother in a code unintelligible to receiving operators at stationsconnected on the line for whom the messages are not intended.

A further object is to provide an eicient and reliable system and onewhich will provide a high degree of secrecy between authorized stations.

For the accomplishment of the above objects, the invention contemplatesthe employment of a five-unit code, consisting of positive and negativeimpulses, similar to the well-known Baudot code, except that the markingimpulses, or the impulses required to operate the receiving mechanisms,are arranged in different code combinations for deach transmitter andeach channel of communication. However, the invention is not limited toany particular code or to any particular kind of impulses. Morespecifically, one of the preferred forms of the invention as hereinshown, comprises a full quadruple multiplex telegraph system arrangedfor eight channels of transmission with the transmitters and receiversso arranged that a message sent out by any transmitter can be receivedintelligibly by only one receiving mechanism or by the particularreceiver for which the message is intended. For example, as illustratedin Figure 2 of the accompanying drawings, the live transmitter contactsof the transmitter connected to the first quadrant as shown developed,may be normally connected to -l- T; the transmitter contacts of thetransmitter connected to quadrant #2, may be normally connected to -lthetransmitter contacts of the transmitter connected to quadrant #3, may benormally connected to -Q- -ietc., and the selecting magnets of thereceiving mechanism connected to. the corresponding quadrants at thereceivlng station may be arranged as shown so that the respectivemagnets will respond to the actuation of' the respective transmittercontacts. This arrangement provides a diil'erent code combination ofsignalingimpulses for each set of transmittin and receiving instruments.The transmltter contacts of each transmitter are so arranged that whenthe transmitters are idle, or when they are not sending messageimpulses, they will send no impulses over the line which 'will cause theoperation of the selecting mechanism at the receiving stations. In otherwords, the transmitter contacts are normally connected to spacingbattery.

The above and other features of this invention will be fully set forthin the following description and claims, and will be more readilyunderstood by reference to the accompanying drawings, 1n which only somuch of the system as is necessary for a complete understanding of theinvention is shown diagrammatically.

Fig. 1 represents a multiplex telegraph system comprising stations A andB connected by a transmission line L; and Fig. 2 shows the sending ringsof station A and the receiving rings of station B developed, with thesending segments connected to transmitter contacts and the receivingsegments connected to selecting magnets.

At stations A and B are shown the wellknown types of rotary distributerswhich may be 'driven in any suitable manner as by a motor. Thedistributer 10 at station A consists of a pair of sending rings 12 and14, a pair of receiving rings 16 and 18 and a trailer or brush arm 20.One ring of each pair is continuous and the other Segmented. The trailerarm 2O carries brush 22 for connecting the sending segments of ring 14with the continuous ring 12, and brush 24 for connecting thereceivingsegments of ring 18 with the continuous ring 16. The continuoussending ring 12 is connected-to the line L in the usual manner through apolar relay 26 provided with the usual duplex balance. The continuousreceiving ring 16 is connected to a olechanging tongue 28 of relay 26.It 1s of course understood that the tongue 28 of line relay 26 is notoperated by the impulses sent over the line from station A, but isoperated by the impulses received over the line from station B. Thedistributer 110 and line relay 126 at station B are identical andfunction in the same manner as the corresponding apparatus at station A,and therefore no further description of the apparatus at station B isdeemed necessary.

In Fig. 2 the four quadrants of the sending rings at station A and thefour quadrants of the receiving rings at station B are shown developed.The sending segments of each quadrant are shown connected to transmittercontacts and the latter contacts are ,shown in their idle positions. Thereceiving segments of each quadrant are shown connected to the selectingmagnets of the receiving mechanism and are arranged to respondrespectively to changes in current po larity caused by the actuation ofthe transmitter contacts connected to sending segquently do not effectthe operation of any of the selecting magnets at the receiving station.Let us assume for example, that the operator in charge of thetransmitter connected to quadrant 1, desires to transmit the character Aand also assume that the character A is represented by five impulses',the first two of which are marking impulses and the remaining three ofwhich are spacing impulses. Then, to transmit the character A,transmitter contacts 30 and 31 of quadrant 1, would be actuated so thatcontact 3 0 is moved into engagement with tlie negatively poled contact,and transmitter contact 3 1 is moved into engagement with the positlvelypoled contact, contacts 32, 33 and 34 remaining in the positions shownin engagement with the negatively poled contacts. Now as the brush 22passes over. segment 40 and connects this segment With the continuousring 12, a negative impulse is sent over the line L, which effects theoperation of polar relay 126, thereby causing coritact tongue 128 toengage the negatively poled contact. Now if the distributers arerotating in synchronism. brush 122 will pass -over segment 140,-Whilebrush 22 passes over segment 40 and a circuit will be completed from thenegatively poled contactof relay 126, contact tongue 128, ring 116,brush 122, segment 140. magnet 130 to positive battery, therebyeffecting the operation of the selecting magnet 130. Now when the brush22 passes over segment 41, positive impulse `Will be sent from thetransmitter 'through movable contact 31, segment 41,

brush 22, ring 12. line L, through the relay 126. This Will cause relay126 to move the contact tongue 128 into engagement With the positivelypoled contact, thereby completing a circuit from said' positively poledcontact, contact tongue 128, ringv 116, brush 122, segment 141,selecting magnet 131 to the negative side of battery. Current passingthrough this circuit will cause the operation of selecting magnet 131.Now since the third, fourth and fifth transmitter contacts have lnotbeen actuated, spacing impulses Will be impressed upon the iine L as thebrush 22 connects the corresponding segments 42, 43 and 44 respectivelyWith the continuous ring 12. Consequently the line relay 126 Will moveits pole changing tongue 128 into engagement with the negatively poledcontact and as the brush 122 Wipes over segments 142, 143 and 144respectively,

circuits will be completed from negatively poled battery, pole changingtongue 128, ring 116, brush 122, segments 142, 143 and 144 and selectingmagnets 132, 133 and 134 respectively to the negative side of battery.Since no current Will then flow through the windings of these magnets,the magnets Will consequently not be operated.

It Will be seen by reason of the fact that each group of transmittercontacts is adapted when operated to provide a different com bination ofmarking impulses, and the respective receiving mechanism being arrangedto respond to the corresponding marking impulses regardless of polarity,no outside party or operator in charge of a transmitter connected' toanother quadrant, would be able to decipher the message transmittedunless familiar With the code employed. Furthermore, if the distributersshould for some reason get out of synchro nism and the impulses whichare sent out by the transmitter connected to uadrant. 1, were, forexample. received by t e receiving mechanism connected to the secondquadrant at thereceiving station, they would be unintelligible to thereceiving operator at that station by reason of the fact that thereceiving mechanism at that station is arranged for receiving messagesof a different code.

For example, assume as before that the character lA is tobe transmittedfrom the transmitter connected to quadrant 1 at station A and alsoassume that the same transmitter contacts are ,actuated as referred toabove, namely, contacts 30 and 31, thereby placing contact 30 inengagement with negatively poled battery Vand contact 31 in engagementWith positively poled battery. Now assume that brush 22 is passing overthe five segments of quadrant 1 at station A, and brush 122 is passingover the corresponding five segments of quadrant 2 at station B.

As the first selecting magnet of the second quadrant has one terminalnormally connected to the same polarity of current as the correspondingselectingmagnet of the first quadrant, that magnet will be operated inresponse to the first line impulses. sent out from quadrant 1, but sincethe second selecting magnet of qaudrant 2 has one terminal normally.connected to current of opposite polarity to that of the secondselecting magnet of quardant 1, the second selectling magnet of quadrant2 will not respond to the second impulse sent out by the transmitterfrom quadrant 1. Since the third, fourth and fifth selecting magnets'ofquadrant 2 are connected in the same manner as the corresponding magnetsin quadrant 1, and since the respective magnets of quadrant 1 were notoperated by the third, fourth and fifth impulses sent out from thetransmitter contacts when sending the necessary impulses representingthe character A, neither will the corresponding selecting magnetsconnected with the second quadrant be operated. Therefore, if theimpulses representing the character A are sent out from quadrant 1, andthose impulses are received by a receiving mechanism connected to thesecond quadrant for which they were not intended, the impulses will noteffect the operation of the two selecting magnets as in the former case,but will effect the operation of only the first selecting magnet.Accordingly the first magnet would be actuated, and the remaining fourmagnets would not be actuated which in accordance with the Baudot codewould represent the character E Thus it will be seen that unless themessage impulses sent out by a certain transmitter are received by thereceiving mechanism arranged especially for their reception', they willbe unintelligible.

The system herein described is believed to be efficient and reliable linoperation and to be suitable for any class of service wherein a highdegree of secrecy is desired without employing expensive and complicatedapparatus. This system is believed to be sultable for Government work,where the Government desires to carry on communication between -variousdepartments without hav- ,ing the messages received and translated bypersons for whom the messages were not intended. It is also believed tobe suitable for brokerage work, where different brokers may each leasean arm or channel, and desire to carry on communication secretly andwithout having such messages become public or come into the hands ofcompetitors.

What is claimed is:

1. In a telegraph system, a transmitting station and a receivingstation, a current impulse distributer located at each of said stations,a transmission line connecting the said stations, transmitting meansconnected to means, and receiving means cooperating with A the othersaid distributer to record the respective code combinations.

2. In a telegraph system, a transmitting station and a receivingstation, a rotary distributer at each of said stations, transmittingmeans connected to each quadrant of the transmitting distributer, eachof said transmitting means being arranged to send the same characters bycode combinations unlike those sent out by each of the othertransmitting means, and a plurality of receiving means adapted to beassociated sequentially with the respective transmitting means to recordthe'characters transmitted.

3. In a multiplex telegraph system, a transmitting distributer and areceiving distributer, a transmitter connected to each quadrant of thetransmitting distributer, each of said transmitters being arranged tosend the same charactersby code combinations unlike those employed byeach ofthe other transmitters, and receiving means associatedwith thereceiving distributer and adapted to be connected sequentially with therespective transmitting means to record the characters transmitted.

4. In a multiplex telegraph system, independently-driven rotarytransmitting and receiving distributers divided into sections, atransmission line connecting said distributers, transmitting meansconnected to each section of the transmitting distributer each of saidtransmitting means being arranged to send the same characters by codecombinations composed of equal numbers of units but unlike thoseemployed by each of the other transmitting means, and receiving meanscoperating with the receiving distributer to record the respective codecombinations.

5. In a multiplex telegraph system, aA

transmitting distributer and a receiving distributer, a plurality oftransmitters connected to the transmitting distributer, each of saidtransmitters having a .plurality of contacts, some of which are normallyconnected to battery of one polarity and the remaining contacts tobattery of opposite polarity, and each of said .transmitters beingarranged to send the same characters by code combinations unlike thoseemployed by each of the other transmitters, and receiving meanscoperating with the receiving distributer to record the characterstransmitted. In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my name this ,13thday of November A. D.

PAUL M. RAINEY.

